Customizing Bootstrap Theme Demonstration"

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{{Template:UnderConstruction}}
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{{Template:Smalltalk_Author|
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|author=Raymond Chao, Engineer, Potix Corporation
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|date=November 26, 2013
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|version=ZK 7.0.0 (or latest)
 +
}}
  
  
 
== Introduction ==
 
== Introduction ==
ZK 7 is an upcoming big release focusing on HTML5 and CSS3. In our previous [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/08/13/zk-7-new-theme-system-with-bootstrap-css-3/ blog], we demonstrated how to use ZK 7′s new theme system with Bootstrap & CSS3. And we also provided another [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/09/03/zk-7-zk-components-x-bootstrap-3/ guide] with more details on how to integrate ZK components and Bootstrap 3. In this smalltalk, we will customize another theme to look like one coming from [https://wrapbootstrap.com/ {'''wrap'''}bootstrap].
+
ZK 7 is an upcoming major release focusing on HTML5 and CSS3. Previously we have demonstrated how to use ZK 7′s new theme system with Bootstrap & CSS3 in this  [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/08/13/zk-7-new-theme-system-with-bootstrap-css-3/ blog] and we also provided a [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/09/03/zk-7-zk-components-x-bootstrap-3/ guide] with more details on how to integrate ZK components and Bootstrap 3. In this small talk, we will customize another theme to look like one coming from [https://wrapbootstrap.com/ {'''wrap'''}bootstrap].
  
 
== Demo ==
 
== Demo ==
[[File:CBTDdemo.swf]]
+
 
 +
<gflash width="700" height="500" >CBTDSmalldemo.swf</gflash>
 
   
 
   
 +
High-quality video can be found [/_w/images/3/30/CBTDdemo.swf here]
 +
 +
Live demo can be found [http://www.zkoss.org/ui-examples/applications2/ here]
 +
 +
Other ZK 7 related demos can be found [http://www.zkoss.org/zkdemo/customize_theme here]
 +
 
'''Note''': This demo design is referenced from [https://wrapbootstrap.com/theme/ace-responsive-admin-template-WB0B30DGR Ace - Responsive Admin Template - WB0B30DGR]
 
'''Note''': This demo design is referenced from [https://wrapbootstrap.com/theme/ace-responsive-admin-template-WB0B30DGR Ace - Responsive Admin Template - WB0B30DGR]
  
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* Bootstrap 3 knowledge, read [http://getbootstrap.com/getting-started/ here]
 
* Bootstrap 3 knowledge, read [http://getbootstrap.com/getting-started/ here]
 
* LESS language, read [http://lesscss.org/ here]
 
* LESS language, read [http://lesscss.org/ here]
 +
* ZK Style Customization knowledge, read [http://books.zkoss.org/wiki/ZK_Style_Customization_Guide here]
  
 
== Design Template ==
 
== Design Template ==
We picked [https://wrapbootstrap.com/theme/ace-responsive-admin-template-WB0B30DGR Ace Template] from {'''wrap'''}bootstrap as our design template. The theme's styling is a bit complicated, so we can take a deeper look at ZK theme system by customizing the template. In this demonstration, we will customize the Dashboard page with Pure ZK and CSS3.
+
We picked [https://wrapbootstrap.com/theme/ace-responsive-admin-template-WB0B30DGR Ace Template] from {'''wrap'''}bootstrap as our design template. The theme's styling is a bit complicated, so we can take a deeper look at ZK's new theme system by customizing a theme according to the template. In this demonstration, we will customize the Dashboard page with Pure ZK and CSS3.
  
 
[[File:AcePreview.png|659x387px]]
 
[[File:AcePreview.png|659x387px]]
 
  
 
== Analyze Layout ==
 
== Analyze Layout ==
The layout can be separated into 4 parts.
+
This layout can be separated into 4 sections.
  
 
[[File:CBTDLayout.png|640x480px]]
 
[[File:CBTDLayout.png|640x480px]]
  
 
* Navbar
 
* Navbar
** A brand in the left side
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** A logo on the left side
** A set of menu navigation in the right side
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** A set of menu navigation on the right
 
* Sidebar
 
* Sidebar
 
** Four button shourtcuts
 
** Four button shourtcuts
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* Content
 
* Content
 
** Header
 
** Header
** Notification
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** Alert
 
** Infobox
 
** Infobox
 
** Panel
 
** Panel
** Tab
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** Tabs
  
  
According to the analysis, we combined ZK components <tt>hlayout</tt> and <tt>vlayout</tt> to layout the the structure of the page, then assigned <tt>hflx="1"</tt> to recalculate its width when resizing. Component <tt>include</tt> is used to include each part's content.
+
According to the analysis, we combined ZK components <code>hlayout</code> and <code>vlayout</code> to layout the the structure of the page, then assigned <code>hflx="1"</code> to recalculate its width when resizing. Component <code>include</code> is also used to include each part's content.
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<include src="navbar.zul"/>
 
<include src="navbar.zul"/>
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== Implement with ZK Components ==
 
== Implement with ZK Components ==
After constructed the basic layout, we can implement content in each part with various ZK components.  
+
After constructing the basic layout, we can now implement content into each part with various ZK components.  
  
 
[[File:CBTDImpl.png|640x480px]]
 
[[File:CBTDImpl.png|640x480px]]
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[[File:CBTDBefore.png|489x296px]]
 
[[File:CBTDBefore.png|489x296px]]
 +
 +
== Tips for Customization ==
 +
Before the start of customization, we provide some tips which may be helpful for users who want to create their own themes.
 +
 +
=== Refer ZK Component's Less File ===
 +
The ZK theme maven project consists of all the ZK Component's less files. Referring the less files, you can understand and revise component's styling easily. Please refer this [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/09/17/zk7-create-a-new-a-theme-project/ blog]  to create a new theme project.
 +
 +
=== Use Sclass and Zclass Pattern ===
 +
Using CSS class rule with <code>sclass zclass</code> pattern can get higher priority level to apply to the component's class. For example:
 +
 +
<source lang="css" highlight="1">
 +
.comments.z-grid {
 +
    ...
 +
}
 +
</source>
 +
 +
=== Put an icon in the span ===
 +
If we want to display the icon only, it can be placed in the span with <code>.z-icon-xxx</code> sclass or zclass. For example:
 +
 +
<source lang="xml" line="false">
 +
<span zclass="z-icon-comments"/>
 +
</source>
 +
 +
 +
=== Adjust Popup's position ===
 +
There are two ways to dictate the position for ZK's popup. One is by specifying the relative position and the reference component( <code>position=after_end</code>), another is by giving a specific position( <code>x=100, y=40</code>) directly. We can use the position attribute and style popup's margin to adjust popup's position.
 +
For example, we can use relative position to make the popup to appear below the button, aligned to the right.
 +
 +
[[File:CBTDPopupPosBefore.png]]
 +
 +
<source lang="xml" highlight="1">
 +
<button sclass="btn-primary" iconSclass="z-icon-cog" popup="cogtt, position=after_end, type=toggle"/>
 +
<popup id="cogtt" sclass="cog">
 +
    ...
 +
</popup>
 +
</source>
 +
 +
Style the popup's margin to adjust popup's position.
 +
 +
<source lang="css" highlight="2">
 +
.cog.z-popup {
 +
    margin-left: 4px;
 +
}
 +
</source>
 +
 +
[[File:CBTDPopupPosAfter.png]]
 +
 +
===Use Pseudo-Element ===
 +
Using <code>:before</code> and <code>:after</code> can add an element before or after a component, they decorate the component without the need of changing its DOM structure. For example.
 +
 +
[[File:CBTDNavPseudo.png]]
 +
 +
<source lang="xml" highlight="3">
 +
<navbar>
 +
  ...
 +
  <nav label="Other Pages" badgeText="5" iconSclass="z-icon-file-o">
 +
  ...
 +
</navbar>
 +
</source>
 +
 +
<source lang="css" highlight="2">
 +
// Add an angel down icon after the Nav
 +
.z-nav-text:after {
 +
  .baseIconFont();
 +
  .iconFontStyle(18px, #666);
 +
  .displaySize(inline-block, 14px, 14px);
 +
  content: "\f107";
 +
  position: absolute;
 +
  line-height: 14px;
 +
  right: 11px;
 +
  top: 11px;
 +
  padding: 0;
 +
}
 +
</source>
 +
 +
<code>.baseIconFont()</code>, <code>.iconFontStyle()</code> and <code>.displaySize()</code> are useful rulesets defined in zk mixins. We can follow the [[#Import_LESS_Files | instruction]] to import them.
  
 
== Customize Look And Feel ==
 
== Customize Look And Feel ==
In this section, we will mention the necessary preparations and some  customized components as examples. There are some tips at the end of the section which may help user in customize phase.
+
In this section, we will mention the necessary preparations and some  customized components as examples.
  
 
[[File:CBTDAfter.png|489x296px]]
 
[[File:CBTDAfter.png|489x296px]]
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=== Import LESS Files ===
 
=== Import LESS Files ===
LESS is a dynamic stylesheet language, which  extends CSS with dynamic behavior such as variables, mixins, operations and functions.
+
LESS is a dynamic stylesheet language, which  extends CSS with dynamic behaviors such as variables, mixins, operations and functions.
Bootrap's and ZK's already defined many helpful variables and mixins for usage. We can import them to reuse code instead of reinventing the wheel. The ZK's variables and mixins can be obtained from ZK theme maven project, please refer [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/09/17/zk7-create-a-new-a-theme-project/ here].
+
Bootstrap and ZK have already defined many helpful variables and mixins for usage. We can import them to reuse the code instead of reinventing the wheel. ZK's variables and mixins can be obtained from ZK's theme maven project, please refer [http://blog.zkoss.org/index.php/2013/09/17/zk7-create-a-new-a-theme-project/ here].
 
 
  
 
=== Customize Button ===
 
=== Customize Button ===
ZK button's default style contains gradient background and rounded corner.
+
ZK button's default style contains gradient background and rounded corners.
  
 
[[File:CBTDButtonBefore.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDButtonBefore.png]]
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</source>
 
</source>
  
We need to remove gradient background and rounded corner, then mimic the css from bootstrap and ace template. The <tt>.borderRadius(0)</tt>, <tt>.transition(all, ease, .15s)</tt> and <tt>.resetGradient()</tt> are built-in rulesets defined in zk mixins.
+
We need to remove the gradient background and rounded corners, then mimic the css from bootstrap and ace template. <code>.borderRadius(0)</code>, <code>.transition(all, ease, .15s)</code> and <code>.resetGradient()</code> are built-in rulesets defined in zk mixins.
  
 
<source lang="css">
 
<source lang="css">
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</source>
 
</source>
  
After applying the style, button's background would be transparent.
+
After applying the style, the button's background would become transparent.
  
 
[[File:CBTDButtonTransparent.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDButtonTransparent.png]]
  
Then assign <tt>btn-primiry</tt> or other CSS class to the button's sclass attribute, it will create a colored button.
+
Then, assign <code>btn-primiry</code> or other CSS class to the button's sclass attribute which will create a colored button.
  
 
[[File:CBTDButtonAfter.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDButtonAfter.png]]
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=== Customize Progressmeter ===
 
=== Customize Progressmeter ===
To customize <tt>progressmeter</tt>, we change its height and background color, remove the border line.
+
To customize <code>progressmeter</code>, we change its height, background color and remove its border line.
  
 
[[File:CBTDProgressMeter.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDProgressMeter.png]]
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}
 
}
 
</source>
 
</source>
 
  
 
=== Customize Tooltip ===
 
=== Customize Tooltip ===
The ZK tooltip's look is totally different from the demo. The easiest way to customize tooltip's look is assigning [http://books.zkoss.org/wiki/ZK_Style_Guide/ZK_Class_Concept zclass] <tt>tooltip</tt> to it.  
+
The original look and feel of ZK's tooltip is totally different from the one that's in the demo. The easiest way to customize a tooltip's look is by assigning a [http://books.zkoss.org/wiki/ZK_Style_Guide/ZK_Class_Concept zclass] <code>tooltip</code> to it.  
  
 
[[File:CBTDTooltip.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDTooltip.png]]
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</source>
 
</source>
  
The <tt>span</tt> component inside the popup's job is to display a triangle as an arrow of the tooltip.  
+
The <code>span</code> component inside the popup's job is to display a triangle as an arrow of the tooltip.  
  
 
[[File:CBTDTooltipCss.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDTooltipCss.png]]
  
The bootstrap tooltip's opacity level is zero. We should change the opacity to 1 to make it visible when the tooltip shows up.
+
Bootstrap tooltip's opacity level is zero. We should change the opacity to 1 to make it visible when the tooltip shows up.
  
<source lang="css" high="2">
+
<source lang="css" highlight="2">
 
.tooltip {
 
.tooltip {
 
   .opacity(1) !important;
 
   .opacity(1) !important;
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=== Customize Tabbox ===
 
=== Customize Tabbox ===
When Tabbox is in the default orientation, the row of tabs displayed on top left side.
+
When Tabbox is in its default orientation, the row of tabs displays on the top left-hand side, illustrated below:
  
[[File:CBTDTabboxBefore.png|left|frame]]
+
[[File:CBTDTabboxBefore.png|center|frame]]
  
 
<source lang="xml" line="false">
 
<source lang="xml" line="false">
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</source>
 
</source>
  
If we want to move the tabs to the top right side, we can float each tab to the right.
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If we want to move these tabs to the top right-hand side, we can float each tab to the right.
  
[[File:CBTDTabboxFloat.png|left|frame]]
+
[[File:CBTDTabboxFloat.png|center|frame]]
  
<source lang="css" high=3>
+
<source lang="css" highlight=3>
 
.rtab.z-tabbox {
 
.rtab.z-tabbox {
 
     .z-tab {
 
     .z-tab {
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</source>
 
</source>
  
After floating each tab to the right, the first tab would be pulled to the rightmost side. So the order of tabs should be inversed, and the last tab should be selected as default.
+
After floating each tab to the right, the first tab would be pulled to the rightmost side. Hence, the order of tabs should be inversed, and the last tab should be selected as default.
  
[[File:CBTDTabboxInverse.png|left|frame]]
+
[[File:CBTDTabboxInverse.png|center|frame]]
  
<source lang="xml" high="4,5,6,9,10,11">
+
<source lang="xml" highlight="4,5,6,9,10,11">
 
<a label="RECENT" iconSclass="z-icon-rss orange" sclass="rcaption lighter"/>
 
<a label="RECENT" iconSclass="z-icon-rss orange" sclass="rcaption lighter"/>
 
<tabbox sclass="rtab">
 
<tabbox sclass="rtab">
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</source>
 
</source>
  
The header and tabbox need be displayed horizontally side by side, so tabbox's position should be absolute and set top to zero.
+
The header and tabbox needs to be displayed horizontally side by side, so tabbox's position should be absolute and set top to zero.
  
[[File:CBTDTabboxAbs.png|left|frame]]
+
[[File:CBTDTabboxAbs.png|center|frame]]
  
<source lang="css" high="2,3">
+
<source lang="css" highlight="2,3">
 
.rtab.z-tabbox {
 
.rtab.z-tabbox {
 
     position: absolute;
 
     position: absolute;
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Finally, customize the look and feel.
 
Finally, customize the look and feel.
  
[[File:CBTDTabboxAfter.png|border]]
+
[[File:CBTDTabboxAfter.png|center|frame]]
  
 
=== Customize Scrollbar ===
 
=== Customize Scrollbar ===
  
ZK7 introduces the '''fake''' scrollbar in <tt>meshwidget</tt> and <tt>borderlayout</tt>, it behaves as the browser's native scrollbar. '''Fake''' scrollbar allows user to style it. In this demo we styled the scrollbar in the grid to thinner and much simpler.
+
ZK7 introduces the '''fake''' scrollbar in <code>meshwidget</code> and <code>borderlayout</code>, it behaves as the browser's native scrollbar. '''Fake''' scrollbars are also customizable in style, in this demo we have styled the scrollbar into a much thinner and simpler and 'flat' scrollbar.  
  
 
[[File:CBTDScrollbar.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDScrollbar.png]]
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# Make the backgroud transparent
 
# Make the backgroud transparent
 
# Simplify indicator
 
# Simplify indicator
# Slim the scrollbar
+
# Slim down the scrollbar
  
 
[[File:CBTDScrollbarCss.png|338x274px]]
 
[[File:CBTDScrollbarCss.png|338x274px]]
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     }
 
     }
 
   }
 
   }
}
 
</source>
 
 
=== Tips for Customization ===
 
Here we provides some tips which may be helpful if users want to customize their own theme.
 
 
==== Refer ZK Component's Less File ====
 
The ZK theme maven project consists of all the ZK Component's less files. Referring the less files could understand and revise component's styling easily.
 
 
==== Use Sclass and Zclass Pattern ====
 
Using CSS class rule with <tt>sclass zclass</tt> pattern can get higher priority level to apply to the component's class. For example:
 
 
<source lang="css" high="1">
 
.comments.z-grid {
 
    ...
 
}
 
</source>
 
 
==== Put icon in the span ====
 
If we want to display the icon only, it can be placed in the span with <tt>.z-icon-xxx</tt> sclass or zclass. For example:
 
 
<source lang="xml" line="false">
 
<span zclass="z-icon-comments"/>
 
</source>
 
 
 
==== Adjust Popup's position ====
 
There are two ways to dictate the position for ZK's popup. One is specify the relative position and the reference component( <tt>position=overlap_end</tt>), another is giving a specific position( <tt>x=100, y=40</tt>) directly. We can use the position attribute and style popup's margin to adjust popup's position.
 
For example, we use relative position to make the popup appear below the button, aligned to the right.
 
 
[[File:CBTDPopupPosBefore.png]]
 
 
<source lang="xml" high="1">
 
<button sclass="btn-primary" iconSclass="z-icon-cog" popup="cogtt, position=after_end"/>
 
<popup id="cogtt" sclass="cog">
 
    ...
 
</popup>
 
</source>
 
 
Style the popup's margin to adjust popup's position.
 
 
<source lang="css" high="2">
 
.cog.z-popup {
 
    margin-left: 4px;
 
}
 
</source>
 
 
[[File:CBTDPopupPosAfter.png]]
 
 
==== Use Pseudo-Element ====
 
Using <tt>:before</tt> and <tt>:after</tt> can add an element before or after a component, they decorate the component without the need of change its DOM structure. For exmaple.
 
 
[[File:CBTDNavPseudo.png]]
 
 
<source lang="xml" high="3">
 
<navbar>
 
  ...
 
  <nav label="Other Pages" badgeText="5" iconSclass="z-icon-file-alt">
 
  ...
 
</navbar>
 
</source>
 
 
<source lang="css">
 
// Add an angel down icon after the Nav
 
.z-nav-text:after {
 
  .baseIconFont();
 
  .iconFontStyle(18px, #666);
 
  .displaySize(inline-block, 14px, 14px);
 
  content: "\f107";
 
  position: absolute;
 
  line-height: 14px;
 
  right: 11px;
 
  top: 11px;
 
  padding: 0;
 
 
}
 
}
 
</source>
 
</source>
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== Functionality Code Fragments ==
 
== Functionality Code Fragments ==
Although in most cases we don't have to writing any code, it still needs to declare some functions to manipulate the components in some situations.  
+
Although in most cases we don't have to write any code, we still need to declare some functions to manipulate components in some situations.  
  
 
=== Add open class to navbar menu ===
 
=== Add open class to navbar menu ===
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[[File:CBTDOpenClass.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDOpenClass.png]]
 +
 +
<source lang="xml">
 +
<a id="atask" iconSclass="z-icon-tasks" popup="taskpp, position=after_end, type=toggle" sclass="grey">
 +
  <label value="4" sclass="badge badge-grey"/>
 +
</a>
 +
<popup id="notipp" sclass="menu menu-pink" width="240px">
 +
  ...
 +
</popup>
 +
</source>
  
 
<source lang="java">
 
<source lang="java">
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}
 
}
 
</source>
 
</source>
 
 
  
 
=== Implement Collapse Mechanism ===
 
=== Implement Collapse Mechanism ===
The sidebar in this demo is collapsible, user can click the button in the bottom of navbar to collapse or expand sidebar. Like the below picture shows.
+
The sidebar in this demo is collapsible, user can click the button in the bottom of the navbar to collapse or expand the sidebar, illustrated in the picture below:
  
 
[[File:Collapsible.png|640x480px]]
 
[[File:Collapsible.png|640x480px]]
  
So we need to declare <tt>toggleSidebarCollapsed()</tt> to proceed the action. As the below code shows:
+
We need to declare <code>toggleSidebarCollapsed()</code> to proceed the action, like the following:  
  
 
<source lang="java">
 
<source lang="java">
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     navbar.setCollapsed(false);
 
     navbar.setCollapsed(false);
 
     calitem.setTooltip("calpp, position=end_center, delay=0");
 
     calitem.setTooltip("calpp, position=end_center, delay=0");
     toggler.setIconSclass("z-icon-double-angle-left");
+
     toggler.setIconSclass("z-icon-angle-double-left");
 
   } else {
 
   } else {
 
     sidebar.setSclass("sidebar sidebar-min");
 
     sidebar.setSclass("sidebar sidebar-min");
 
     navbar.setCollapsed(true);
 
     navbar.setCollapsed(true);
 
     calitem.setTooltip("");
 
     calitem.setTooltip("");
     toggler.setIconSclass("z-icon-double-angle-right");
+
     toggler.setIconSclass("z-icon-angle-double-right");
 
   }
 
   }
 
   // Force the hlayout contains sidebar to recalculate its size
 
   // Force the hlayout contains sidebar to recalculate its size
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</source>
 
</source>
  
Because <tt>Navbar</tt> is collapsible, <tt>isCollapsed()</tt> can determine whether <tt>navbar</tt> is collapsed or not. If not, we can easily call <tt>setCollapsed(true)</tt> to collapse it. When <tt>navbar</tt> is collapsed, its children only appear with icon and badge. The text part will appear when mouse hover the icon. Next, we need remove the tooltip of <tt>Navitem</tt> to prevent it show up with text when hovering. Then add <tt>sidebar-min</tt> class to <tt>sidebar</tt> and change the toggler's icon. In the end, <tt>Clients.resize(sidebar.getRoot().query("#main"))</tt> will force the client to recalculate the size of the main content.
+
Because <code>Navbar</code> is collapsible, <code>isCollapsed()</code> can determine whether <code>navbar</code> is collapsed or not. If not, we can easily call <code>setCollapsed(true)</code> to collapse it. When <code>navbar</code> is collapsed, its children will only appear as icon and badges. The text part will appear when you mouse hover the icon. Next, we need remove the tooltip of <code>Navitem</code> to prevent it from showing up with text when hovering. Then, add <code>sidebar-min</code> class to <code>sidebar</code> and change the toggler's icon. In the end, <code>Clients.resize(sidebar.getRoot().query("#main"))</code> will force the client to recalculate the size of the main content.
  
The shortcuts also should to be collapsed, so it needs an additional set of collapsed shortcuts to display when the sidebar is collapsed. If user mouses over the collapsed shortcuts, the expanded shortcuts will appear.
+
The shortcuts are also collapsed, so an additional set of collapsed shortcuts is needed for display when the sidebar is collapsed. If user mouses over the collapsed shortcuts, the shortcuts will expand.  
  
 
[[File:CBTDShortcutsFun.png]]
 
[[File:CBTDShortcutsFun.png]]
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== Conclusion ==
 
== Conclusion ==
In this demo, we used ZK7 with bootstrap and CSS3 to customize a bootstrap theme from scratch. We analyzed the template and implemented it with ZK compoents, then styled the look and feel using CSS3. This demonstrated that ZK7 new theme system's flexibility, and how to customize a theme with CSS3, LESS and bootstrap easily.
+
In this demo, we used ZK 7 with bootstrap and CSS3 to customize a bootstrap theme from scratch. We analyzed the template and implemented it with ZK components, then styled the look and feel using CSS3. This small talk shows you the power and flexibility of ZK 7's new theme system, and how you can customize your own personal or corporate theme with CSS3, LESS and bootstrap easily.
  
 
== Example Source ==
 
== Example Source ==
The source code can be found in [https://github.com/jumperchen/ui-examples Github] and the layout design is owned by [https://wrapbootstrap.com/theme/ace-responsive-admin-template-WB0B30DGR EasyMind].
+
Source code can be found in [https://github.com/jumperchen/ui-examples Github] and the layout design is owned by [https://wrapbootstrap.com/theme/ace-responsive-admin-template-WB0B30DGR EasyMind]. Please contact the designer directly if you wish to use his design template commercially.
  
 
== Reference ==
 
== Reference ==
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* [http://getbootstrap.com/getting-started/ Bootstrap]
 
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Latest revision as of 04:20, 20 January 2022

DocumentationSmall Talks2013NovemberCustomizing Bootstrap Theme Demonstration
Customizing Bootstrap Theme Demonstration

Author
Raymond Chao, Engineer, Potix Corporation
Date
November 26, 2013
Version
ZK 7.0.0 (or latest)


Introduction

ZK 7 is an upcoming major release focusing on HTML5 and CSS3. Previously we have demonstrated how to use ZK 7′s new theme system with Bootstrap & CSS3 in this blog and we also provided a guide with more details on how to integrate ZK components and Bootstrap 3. In this small talk, we will customize another theme to look like one coming from {wrap}bootstrap.

Demo

High-quality video can be found [/_w/images/3/30/CBTDdemo.swf here]

Live demo can be found here

Other ZK 7 related demos can be found here

Note: This demo design is referenced from Ace - Responsive Admin Template - WB0B30DGR

Prerequisites

  • ZK 7.0.0-RC version or later
  • Bootstrap 3 knowledge, read here
  • LESS language, read here
  • ZK Style Customization knowledge, read here

Design Template

We picked Ace Template from {wrap}bootstrap as our design template. The theme's styling is a bit complicated, so we can take a deeper look at ZK's new theme system by customizing a theme according to the template. In this demonstration, we will customize the Dashboard page with Pure ZK and CSS3.

AcePreview.png

Analyze Layout

This layout can be separated into 4 sections.

CBTDLayout.png

  • Navbar
    • A logo on the left side
    • A set of menu navigation on the right
  • Sidebar
    • Four button shourtcuts
    • Navigation bar
    • Collapsed button
  • Breadcrumbs
    • Breadcrumb
    • Search input
  • Content
    • Header
    • Alert
    • Infobox
    • Panel
    • Tabs


According to the analysis, we combined ZK components hlayout and vlayout to layout the the structure of the page, then assigned hflx="1" to recalculate its width when resizing. Component include is also used to include each part's content.

<include src="navbar.zul"/>
<hlayout id="main" spacing="0">
  <include src="sidebar.zul"/>
  <vlayout spacing="0" hflex="1">
    <include src="breadcrumbs.zul"/>
    <include src="content.zul"/>
  </vlayout>
</hlayout>

Implement with ZK Components

After constructing the basic layout, we can now implement content into each part with various ZK components.

CBTDImpl.png

And it will look like this:

CBTDBefore.png

Tips for Customization

Before the start of customization, we provide some tips which may be helpful for users who want to create their own themes.

Refer ZK Component's Less File

The ZK theme maven project consists of all the ZK Component's less files. Referring the less files, you can understand and revise component's styling easily. Please refer this blog to create a new theme project.

Use Sclass and Zclass Pattern

Using CSS class rule with sclass zclass pattern can get higher priority level to apply to the component's class. For example:

.comments.z-grid {
    ...
}

Put an icon in the span

If we want to display the icon only, it can be placed in the span with .z-icon-xxx sclass or zclass. For example:

1 <span zclass="z-icon-comments"/>


Adjust Popup's position

There are two ways to dictate the position for ZK's popup. One is by specifying the relative position and the reference component( position=after_end), another is by giving a specific position( x=100, y=40) directly. We can use the position attribute and style popup's margin to adjust popup's position. For example, we can use relative position to make the popup to appear below the button, aligned to the right.

CBTDPopupPosBefore.png

<button sclass="btn-primary" iconSclass="z-icon-cog" popup="cogtt, position=after_end, type=toggle"/>
<popup id="cogtt" sclass="cog">
    ...
</popup>

Style the popup's margin to adjust popup's position.

.cog.z-popup {
    margin-left: 4px;
}

CBTDPopupPosAfter.png

Use Pseudo-Element

Using :before and :after can add an element before or after a component, they decorate the component without the need of changing its DOM structure. For example.

CBTDNavPseudo.png

<navbar>
  ...
  <nav label="Other Pages" badgeText="5" iconSclass="z-icon-file-o">
  ...
</navbar>
// Add an angel down icon after the Nav
.z-nav-text:after {
  .baseIconFont();
  .iconFontStyle(18px, #666);
  .displaySize(inline-block, 14px, 14px);
  content: "\f107";
  position: absolute;
  line-height: 14px;
  right: 11px;
  top: 11px;
  padding: 0;
}

.baseIconFont(), .iconFontStyle() and .displaySize() are useful rulesets defined in zk mixins. We can follow the instruction to import them.

Customize Look And Feel

In this section, we will mention the necessary preparations and some customized components as examples.

CBTDAfter.png

Import Fonts

Before customizing the look and feel, we need to import the Open Sans font from google server or download it to your folder directly.

1 <?link href="css/fonts.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"?>

Import LESS Files

LESS is a dynamic stylesheet language, which extends CSS with dynamic behaviors such as variables, mixins, operations and functions. Bootstrap and ZK have already defined many helpful variables and mixins for usage. We can import them to reuse the code instead of reinventing the wheel. ZK's variables and mixins can be obtained from ZK's theme maven project, please refer here.

Customize Button

ZK button's default style contains gradient background and rounded corners.

CBTDButtonBefore.png

  <button iconSclass="z-icon-thumbs-up" label="Button"/>

We need to remove the gradient background and rounded corners, then mimic the css from bootstrap and ace template. .borderRadius(0), .transition(all, ease, .15s) and .resetGradient() are built-in rulesets defined in zk mixins.

.z-button {
  position: relative;
  padding: 3px 12px;
  .borderRadius(0);
  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  min-height: 0;
  color: #FFF !important;
  .transition(all, ease, .15s);
  
  &:active {
    top: 1px;
    left: 1px;
  }
  
  &, &:hover, &:focus, &:active {
    .resetGradient();
  }

  /* Icon in the button */
  > [class*="z-icon-"] {
    display: inline;
    margin-right: 4px;
  }
}

After applying the style, the button's background would become transparent.

CBTDButtonTransparent.png

Then, assign btn-primiry or other CSS class to the button's sclass attribute which will create a colored button.

CBTDButtonAfter.png

<button iconSclass="z-icon-thumbs-up" label="Button" sclass="btn-primary"/>
.btn-color(@color-name) {
  @color1-name : ~`"btn-@{color-name}"`;
  @color2-name : ~`"btn-@{color-name}-hover"`;

  .btn-color(@@color1-name, @@color2-name);
}

.btn-primary {
  .btn-color(~"primary");
}

Customize Progressmeter

To customize progressmeter, we change its height, background color and remove its border line.

CBTDProgressMeter.png

1 <progressmeter value="65" width="100%"/>
 1 .z-progressmeter {
 2   height: 9px;
 3   border: 0;
 4   background-image: none;
 5   background-color: #DADADA;
 6 
 7   &-image {
 8     display: inline-block;
 9     .resetGradient();
10     background-color: #2A91D8;
11   }
12 }

Customize Tooltip

The original look and feel of ZK's tooltip is totally different from the one that's in the demo. The easiest way to customize a tooltip's look is by assigning a zclass tooltip to it.

CBTDTooltip.png

1 <popup zclass="tooltip" sclass="left tooltip-success">
2   <span zclass="tooltip-arrow"/>
3   <label zclass="tooltip-inner" value="Mark as done"/>
4 </popup>
 1 .tooltip-success.tooltip {
 2   > .tooltip-content >.tooltip-inner {
 3    background-color:@tooltip-success-color;
 4    color:#FFF;
 5    text-shadow:1px 1px 0 rgba(60,100,20,0.3);
 6    border-radius: 0;
 7   }
 8   &.left .tooltip-arrow {
 9     border-left-color: @tooltip-success-color;
10   }
11 }

The span component inside the popup's job is to display a triangle as an arrow of the tooltip.

CBTDTooltipCss.png

Bootstrap tooltip's opacity level is zero. We should change the opacity to 1 to make it visible when the tooltip shows up.

.tooltip {
  .opacity(1) !important;
}

Customize Tabbox

When Tabbox is in its default orientation, the row of tabs displays on the top left-hand side, illustrated below:

CBTDTabboxBefore.png
 1 <a label="RECENT" iconSclass="z-icon-rss orange" sclass="rcaption lighter"/>
 2 <tabbox sclass="rtab">
 3   <tabs>
 4     <tab label="Tasks"/>
 5     <tab label="Members"/>
 6     <tab label="Comments"/>
 7   </tabs>
 8   <tabpanels>
 9     <tabpanel><!-- Tasks content --></tabpanel>
10     <tabpanel><!-- Menbers content --></tabpanel>
11     <tabpanel><!-- Comments content --></tabpanel>
12   </tabpanels>
13 </tabbox>

If we want to move these tabs to the top right-hand side, we can float each tab to the right.

CBTDTabboxFloat.png
.rtab.z-tabbox {
    .z-tab {
      float: right;
    }
}

After floating each tab to the right, the first tab would be pulled to the rightmost side. Hence, the order of tabs should be inversed, and the last tab should be selected as default.

CBTDTabboxInverse.png
<a label="RECENT" iconSclass="z-icon-rss orange" sclass="rcaption lighter"/>
<tabbox sclass="rtab">
  <tabs>
    <tab label="Comments"/>
    <tab label="Members"/>
    <tab label="Tasks" selected="true"/>
  </tabs>
  <tabpanels>
    <tabpanel><!-- Comments content --></tabpanel>
    <tabpanel><!-- Menbers content --></tabpanel>
    <tabpanel><!-- Tasks content --></tabpanel>
  </tabpanels>
</tabbox>

The header and tabbox needs to be displayed horizontally side by side, so tabbox's position should be absolute and set top to zero.

CBTDTabboxAbs.png
.rtab.z-tabbox {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    ...


Finally, customize the look and feel.

CBTDTabboxAfter.png

Customize Scrollbar

ZK7 introduces the fake scrollbar in meshwidget and borderlayout, it behaves as the browser's native scrollbar. Fake scrollbars are also customizable in style, in this demo we have styled the scrollbar into a much thinner and simpler and 'flat' scrollbar.

CBTDScrollbar.png

Styling the scrollbar consists of the following five steps:

  1. Hide all the icons
  2. Move the wrapper to the top
  3. Make the backgroud transparent
  4. Simplify indicator
  5. Slim down the scrollbar

CBTDScrollbarCss.png

 1 .z-scrollbar.z-scrollbar-vertical {
 2   width: 7px;
 3   .z-scrollbar-up, .z-scrollbar-down,
 4   .z-scrollbar-icon, .z-scrollbar-rail {
 5     display: none;
 6   }
 7   .z-scrollbar-wrapper {
 8     top: 0;
 9     .z-scrollbar-indicator {
10       width: 7px;
11       background-image: none;
12       background-color: #999;
13       border: 0;
14       border-radius: 0;
15     }
16     .z-scrollbar-rail {
17       background-color: transparent;
18     }
19   }
20 }


Functionality Code Fragments

Although in most cases we don't have to write any code, we still need to declare some functions to manipulate components in some situations.

Add open class to navbar menu

We declared an event handler in popup which will be notified when onOpen event occurs, it will toggle the open sclass to the anchor component. So the component's background will be darken when its popup is showing up.

CBTDOpenClass.png

<a id="atask" iconSclass="z-icon-tasks" popup="taskpp, position=after_end, type=toggle" sclass="grey">
  <label value="4" sclass="badge badge-grey"/>
</a>
<popup id="notipp" sclass="menu menu-pink" width="240px">
  ...
</popup>
@Listen("onOpen = #taskpp")
public void toggleTaskPopup(OpenEvent event) {
  toggleOpenClass(event.isOpen(), atask);
}

// Toggle open class to the component
public void toggleOpenClass(Boolean open, Component component) {
  HtmlBasedComponent comp = (HtmlBasedComponent) component;
  String scls = comp.getSclass();
  if (open) {
    comp.setSclass(scls + " open");
  } else {
    comp.setSclass(scls.replace(" open", ""));
  }
}

Implement Collapse Mechanism

The sidebar in this demo is collapsible, user can click the button in the bottom of the navbar to collapse or expand the sidebar, illustrated in the picture below:

Collapsible.png

We need to declare toggleSidebarCollapsed() to proceed the action, like the following:

// Toggle sidebar to collapse or expand
@Listen("onClick = #toggler")
public void toggleSidebarCollapsed() {
  if (navbar.isCollapsed()) {
    sidebar.setSclass("sidebar");
    navbar.setCollapsed(false);
    calitem.setTooltip("calpp, position=end_center, delay=0");
    toggler.setIconSclass("z-icon-angle-double-left");
  } else {
    sidebar.setSclass("sidebar sidebar-min");
    navbar.setCollapsed(true);
    calitem.setTooltip("");
    toggler.setIconSclass("z-icon-angle-double-right");
  }
  // Force the hlayout contains sidebar to recalculate its size
  Clients.resize(sidebar.getRoot().query("#main"));
}

Because Navbar is collapsible, isCollapsed() can determine whether navbar is collapsed or not. If not, we can easily call setCollapsed(true) to collapse it. When navbar is collapsed, its children will only appear as icon and badges. The text part will appear when you mouse hover the icon. Next, we need remove the tooltip of Navitem to prevent it from showing up with text when hovering. Then, add sidebar-min class to sidebar and change the toggler's icon. In the end, Clients.resize(sidebar.getRoot().query("#main")) will force the client to recalculate the size of the main content.

The shortcuts are also collapsed, so an additional set of collapsed shortcuts is needed for display when the sidebar is collapsed. If user mouses over the collapsed shortcuts, the shortcuts will expand.

CBTDShortcutsFun.png

<div class="shortcuts">
  <div class="shortcuts-expanded">
    <button type="button" class="btn-success" iconSclass="z-icon-signal"/>
    <button type="button" class="btn-info" iconSclass="z-icon-pencil"/>
    <button type="button" class="btn-warning" iconSclass="z-icon-group"/>
    <button type="button" class="btn-danger" iconSclass="z-icon-cogs"/>
  </div>
  <div class="shortcuts-collapsed">
    <button type="button" class="btn-success"/>
    <button type="button" class="btn-info"/>
    <button type="button" class="btn-warning"/>
    <button type="button" class="btn-danger"/>
  </div>
</div>

Conclusion

In this demo, we used ZK 7 with bootstrap and CSS3 to customize a bootstrap theme from scratch. We analyzed the template and implemented it with ZK components, then styled the look and feel using CSS3. This small talk shows you the power and flexibility of ZK 7's new theme system, and how you can customize your own personal or corporate theme with CSS3, LESS and bootstrap easily.

Example Source

Source code can be found in Github and the layout design is owned by EasyMind. Please contact the designer directly if you wish to use his design template commercially.

Reference

Comments



Copyright © Potix Corporation. This article is licensed under GNU Free Documentation License.